Antidepressants side effects and the alternatives you should consider
Despite their widespread use in the treatment of depression and anxiety, antidepressants can also have a number of side effects. Depending on the medication, these side effects can be physical or emotional, and they can range from nausea and weight gain to sexual dysfunction, agitation, and insomnia.
There is a wide range of side effects that can occur when taking antidepressants, and these can vary from person to person and from medication to medication. Some of the most common negative effects of antidepressants are:
- Nausea: Especially when starting a new medication or increasing the dosage, this can be one of the most common side effects of antidepressants. The medication itself or the alterations in brain chemistry brought about by the medication can both result in nausea.
- Gaining weight: Weight gain can be caused by either an increased appetite or a slowed metabolism with some antidepressants. Some people may be concerned about this, particularly those who already struggle with weight issues.
- Sexual problems: By lowering libido, causing issues with arousal and orgasm, and even making it harder for men to get or keep an erection, antidepressant medications can affect sexual function. People may find it difficult to continue taking the medication as a result of these sexual side effects, which can be upsetting.
- Insomnia and agitation: Some antidepressant medications can make people agitated and sleepy, making it hard for them to relax and sleep well. People who are already struggling with anxiety or sleep disorders may find this particularly concerning.
- Lips are dry: Dry mouth, which can be uncomfortable and can lead to dental issues if left untreated, can be caused by some antidepressant medications.
- Constipation: Additionally, antidepressant medications may cause constipation, which if left untreated can result in digestive issues.
- Vision distortion: People who rely on their vision for work or other activities may be concerned about the effects that some antidepressants can have on their vision.
- Drowsiness: Drowsiness can be a side effect of some antidepressants, which can be a problem for people who need to be alert during the day.
- Headache: People who already suffer from migraines or chronic headaches should be aware that taking antidepressants can also cause headaches.
- Symptoms of withdrawal: Additionally, withdrawal from antidepressants can result in emotional symptoms like anxiety, irritability, or depression as well as flu-like symptoms and sleep disturbances.
It is essential to keep in mind that not all individuals will experience these side effects, and that some individuals may experience effects that are not included in this list. Any medication’s potential side effects should be discussed with your healthcare provider, and any side effects you do experience should be reported. They might be able to suggest a different medication or reduce the dosage of the one you’re currently taking. If the side effects are severe or persistent, it’s important to talk to a doctor as well.
Over time, antidepressants can also have long term side effects. For instance, a number of studies have suggested that people over the age of 65 who take antidepressants may be more likely to suffer from fractures and falls. The long-term effects of antidepressants on cognitive functions like attention and memory raise additional concerns.
Knowing which antidepressants have the fewest side effects is important because different medications can have different effects on different people. On one hand, it is generally acknowledged that some antidepressants have fewer adverse effects than others. On the other hand, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are thought to have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. An SSRI, a more recent class of medication, is the antidepressant that is prescribed most frequently. They raise levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. Paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft), and fluoxetine (Prozac) are examples of SSRIs.
Another class of antidepressants, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), also have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. By increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters that regulate mood, they accomplish this. SNRIs include venlafaxine (Effexor) and duloxetine (Cymbalta).
The older class of antidepressants known as tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) can have more side effects than SSRIs and SNRIs. They are known to cause drowsiness, sedation, and weight gain when compared to SSRIs and SNRIs. Additionally, they may make it more likely for you to experience issues with urination, constipation, blurry vision, and dry mouth.
Antidepressants alternatives
Fortunately, there are antidepressant alternatives that may be effective in treating symptoms of depression and anxiety. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive procedure in which electrodes on the scalp deliver a small current to the brain, is one promising option.
Although research into using tDCS to treat depression and anxiety is still in its infancy, a few studies have suggested that it may be effective. One study, for instance, found that when compared to a placebo, tDCS was associated with a significant reduction in depression symptoms. Another study found that people with anxiety disorders may benefit from taking tDCS to lessen their symptoms of anxiety.
In addition to tDCS, other alternative therapies for treating depression and anxiety include talk therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based therapies. CBT is a type of therapy that focuses on the relationship between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It helps people learn to recognize and change negative patterns of thinking and behavior that can contribute to depression and anxiety. Mindfulness-based therapies involve learning to pay attention to the present moment in a non-judgmental way. This can help reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety by decreasing rumination and worry.
Natural Alternatives
Natural antidepressants such as exercise and omega-3 fatty acids are also considered alternative therapies. Exercise has been shown to be an effective treatment for depression, and it has been found to be just as effective as antidepressants in some cases. Omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in fish oil, have also been found to be effective in treating depression and anxiety. Studies have shown that people with depression have lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids in their blood, and supplementing with omega-3 fatty acids can help to improve symptoms.
Ayurvedic medicine
Ashwagandha is another natural treatment option for depression and anxiety. In Ayurvedic medicine, an ancient Indian system of medicine, the herb Ashwagandha is frequently used for its potential benefits for mental health and overall well-being. Ashwagandha may be effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, according to studies. It works by regulating cortisol levels in the body, which is a stress hormone that can help improve mood and reduce anxiety. Neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which are involved in mood regulation, have also been found to be impacted. There are a variety of Ashwagandha supplements to choose from, including teas, capsules, and powders. However, it is essential to keep in mind that additional research is required to fully comprehend the effects of Ashwagandha and that it should always be used under the supervision of a medical professional, particularly if you are taking any other medications.
It’s also important to note that not all alternative therapies are appropriate for everyone, and you should consult with your healthcare professional to determine if these options are right for you. Additionally, It’s important to remember that alternative therapies should not be used as a substitute for conventional antidepressants without proper guidance from the doctor, as the effectiveness of these therapies can vary from person to person.
Ultimately, the key to effectively treating depression and anxiety is to work with a mental health professional to find the best course of treatment for your specific needs. This may involve a combination of different therapies, including conventional antidepressants, alternative therapies, and lifestyle changes.
It is essential to keep in mind that treatment for depression and anxiety should always be tailored to the individual, and that what works for one person may not work for another. Working with a mental health professional to determine the most effective treatment for your needs is essential.
In conclusion, antidepressants can have a number of side effects, such as physical symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and long-term effects. It is essential to be aware of these potential side effects and discuss them with your healthcare provider prior to beginning any antidepressant medication. They might be able to recommend a different course of treatment or a medication that has fewer negative effects. Tricyclic antidepressants are thought to have more side effects than SSRIs and SNRIs, but it’s important to talk to your doctor about which one is right for you.